Composite materials are comprised two parts the reinforcement, which provides special mechanical properties such as stiffness or strength, and the matrix material, which holds everything together. Ceramic matrix composites are a special type of composite material in which both the reinforcement and matrix material are ceramics. In some cases the same kind of ceramic is used for both parts of the structure, and additional secondary fibers may also be included. Because of this, CMCs are considered a subgroup of both composite materials and ceramics. Ceramic Matrix Composite is a material consisting of a ceramic matrix combined with a ceramic dispersed phase. Ceramic Matrix Composites are designed to improve toughness of conventional ceramics, the main disadvantage of which is brittleness. Ceramic composites may be produced by traditional ceramic fabrication methods including mixing the powdered matrix material with the reinforcing phase followed by processing at elevated temperature: hot pressing, sintering.
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